A trip through Xayaboury

Some images and notes from a recent trip through Xayaboury, the only province in Laos on the right bank of the Mekong river. Or if you want to be precise the only province completely on the right bank, as Bokeo, Luang Prabang and Champassak have small parts of their territory on that side of the river too.

These impressions are not in any way coherent. Chronology is the only order here. Travel is often a chain of unrelated experiences and events, arbitrary like life itself.

For geographical clarity at least, there is a map at the bottom.

I expected Thai influences in Xanakham, as Thailand is right across the river. But its pace and vibe, its stage of development, its few guesthouses and eateries, the attitude of its people were all completely Lao.

The waters of the Mekong were blue-green and clear. No good. They are supposed to be brown and turbid. The dam upstream near Xayaboury town must be to blame, blocking the sand and clay particles that turn the river muddy, and farmlands downstream fertile.

Paklay has grown over the past decade. More people. More prosperity. More dust and dirt. The bridge across the Mekong opened in July 2017. The Netherlands contributed 2.3 million euro to its construction, roughly 12 percent of the total cost. (Source Vientiane Times of July 5, 2017.) I guess it is a coincidence, but it has the retro look of Dutch pre- or post-WW2 bridges.

In Paklay too the Mekong changed colour. See its muddy waters on these January 2015 photos. The dam upstream wasn’t finished. The bridge was under construction.

Paklay and the Mekong river in February 2023:

Thongmixay, inland, was a calmer, cooler, cleaner village than Paklay. From there it was a two hour walk to a small border post. Now and then a tractor or motorbike overtook me, and I was offered a ride. When they came from the other side they were laden with Thai imports. I didn’t expect to get to the market just across the border. And I was right. Laotian officers stopped me at their checkpoint, only local people were allowed to cross. Those that do enter Laos here are greeted by a martial monument, not befitting the Lao people who mostly prefer to avoid conflict and work their way around differences. In case you wonder about the top bar of the flag: yes, they must have run out of red paint.

Those that enter Laos here can also tell they are in the country from the crates of Beer Lao. They abounded in Thongmixay, as they do everywhere else in the country. A photo project on these bursts of yellow along Laos’s road sides would make for striking colour palettes and still lifes, and bizarre contexts, and special backdrops.

The most beautiful image passed by in a flash, a single crate in the middle of the road, the familiar bright yellow with a single branch of bright red bougainville sticking up. It was there to slow traffic for the wedding further up the road. No chance to take a picture from the driving bus. Travel is life itself, it doesn’t allow more than a short glimpse of its most amazing moments.

The area upstream from Paklay was full of village life, rural life, river life.

I stayed in Xayaboury for a couple of days, ran into a friend, wandered around town, strolled around the market, walked along the river, sat in a temple. Same routine everywhere I went this trip. I didn’t take photos. But that was my lack of inspiriation, the town was not to blame.

Xianghone and Xianglom are two halves of the same town, a thirty minute walk apart. Xianghone is the more spread out, with businesses, warehouses, a gas station, the bus station, guesthouses. At the edge of town is an unpaved wartime airstrip, now long out of use. As it is elevated, water gathers in pools next to it. Local people take advantage. The distant mountain range forms the border with Thailand’s Nan province. It also forms the divide between the Mekong and Chaophaya river basins. All rain this side flows into the Mekong, rain at the other side flows into the Nan river and subsequently into central Thailand’s main river the Chaophaya.

Xianglom is smaller and more rural than Xianghone. It feels more original, with two temples boasting age-old trees. Hidden in the forest nearby is a third one, with a cave, and bat smell, and encroaching plants and trees.

In Muang Khop Buddha watches over the town and valley from high up on a hill.

These two photos were taken at exactly the same spot, but in opposite directions. Buddha said introspection is a good thing. This gets misinterpreted in the selfie-age.

Muang Khop was a green oasis in this dry season, the only place where rice grew. Life seemed idyllic for the children in town. But less so for those staying at the boarding school, mostly ethnic Hmong from the border town of Ban Pangmon twenty kilometers away. The fourteen, fifteen year olds cooked their own food, and that of their younger school mates, in these sheds.

There were still traditional Hmong houses in Ban Pangmon, recognizable because they are built directly on the ground unlike the houses of almost all other ethnic groups in Laos that rest on stilts. These seasonal yellow flowers I saw all through the province. Recently harvested drying cassave was everywhere too, producing an unpleasant sour smell.

From Muang Khop (literally ‘district Khop’) I followed the Nam Khop (literally ‘river Khop’) to Pak Khop (literally ‘river mouth of the Khop’). Pak Khop village had an old temple with somehow naive and moving touches. Just my impression of course.

Near Konteun another Mekong ferry is being replaced by a bridge.

Near Konteun too, a road sign told me I had left the province of Xayaboury. It was the end of this trip.

You can trace my route through Xayaboury on this map, made as always by cartographer Jaap Vinke.

Between Nakhon Sawan and Luang Prabang

[This is the third and final post about my commutes between my favourite flight hub of Bangkok and my pied à terre in Luang Prabang. The others are Train no. 211 from Bangkok and (My) life in Nakhon Sawan. They’re memories of travels impossible and places unreachable in Covid-times.]

From Nakhon Sawan it’s a boring bus ride to Phitsanulok. I often passed through the city starting out as a tour leader in Thailand in the 1990’s, and enjoyed visits to the Buddha Casting Foundry with its traditional production methods. These days I don’t get into town, just stay overnight across the road from the bus terminal east of the city, where there is one of those clean and bright no-frills hotels  found in Thai provincial towns. The family that runs it is none too outgoing. But there is always a nod of recognition, or an ’it’s-been-a-while’ .

Nearby at an intersection is this sign:

Now this is a bit grand. No car or truck from Malaysia, China or Vietnam ever passes by. But Phitsanulok is a major domestic traffic hub. Straight west the road leads to the Myanmar border at Mae Sot, straight east to the Lao border at Mukdahan. Buses run south to Bangkok and north to each and all of the northern provinces.

Beyond Phitsanulok there are several possible routes to Luang Prabang, shown on the map below. I usually continue to Loei, and move on to Luang Prabang the next day. It is fastest and, well, cheapest.

But the route through Nan province also makes for interesting travel. This goes: bus from Phitsanulok to Nan; minivan to the Thai-Lao border at Moeng Nguen; a walk through no-man’s-land; finding some or other vehicle to Pakbeng on the Mekong; a boat down river to Luang Prabang.

I haven’t yet traveled the Uttaradit – Paklay stretch myself. Bucket list!

Text continues below map.

A geographical appendix

Each of these routes at some point must cross the divide between the Mekong and Chao Phraya basins. Interested in everything Mekong I try to figure out where exactly this divide runs, both by trying to work out the lie of the land while on the road, and by studying the unsurpassed Google Earth and following streams and rivers on its satellite images.

(Incidentally: how great an escape is Google Earth in times of lockdown. It allows me virtual travel, transports me to faraway places I’d rather be.)

It must be then that the Thai-Lao border follows the Mekong-Chao Phraya divide in the north of Thailand’s Nan Province, and the east of its Uttaradit Province.

The divide must run inside Thailand between the towns of Phitsanulok and Loei. But while traveling there, it is difficult to determine its course as there are several longer climbs and descends along the way. Google Earth also doesn’t provide a clear answer, so in this case the marking on the map is just an educated guess.

You may also be interested in an older post, describing my commutes from Luang Prabang to Bangkok in the opposite direction:

https://pieterblog.rdeman.nl/?p=185

Luang Prabang – Bangkok Commute

pieterneele | 15 February, 2015 04:58

A series of trips over the past two years. Lost count. From my pied à terre in Luang Prabang to Bangkok. To catch a cheap Air Asia flight to China or a plane to Holland, or to move on elsewhere in Southeast Asia or meet friends in Bangkok.

It can be done within 24 hours now that the international bus from Luang Prabang to Loei is running – leaving at 8.00 am, changing to a night bus in Loei and getting to Bangkok by 5.30 am. But usually I break the trip in Loei, staying in the same hotel each time, cheap and adequate. Within walking distance from the bus station if I have packed lightly. Which mostly I haven’t. The chargers alone, for laptop, smartphone, spare phone, camera, electric toothbrush, and all the equipment they serve.

Along the way in Laos I watch the Mekong from the bridge near Xayaboury, and further on the train of concrete trucks from Thailand heading to the construction site of the dam in the river. I order fried rice for lunch from the boy in the bus who calls ahead so that food is prepared when the bus pulls in at the restaurant. I see the small town of Paklay where one had to stay overnight when the international bus wasn’t yet running. From here it took five different songthaews and tuktuks to cover the final 100 kilometers to Loei – fun breezy rides. And I see the village of Nam Xong where Y. lived, in the alley behind the temple on the bank of the Mekong. She lives in Thailand now and after crossing the border and having changed to Thai sim I’m tempted to call.

A few familiar faces among the officials of Lao immigration, and to some of them I am a familiar face too. No pleasantries at the Thai side, no unpleasantries either, while customs check luggage.

I usually sleep on the night bus to Bangkok. Upon arrival at Mochit bus station, too early to go anywhere, I have a long morning coffee, same stall each time. Then make my way to the Nouvo City Hotel, New World Lodge before and New World House before that, and I am happy to meet the long-time staff I have known for many years, some over two decades.

Laos, a slow country speeding up, II

The first post with this title was uneventful.

Here is another reality.

Yaba kids high on speed ride their motorbikes high speed through Luang Phabang these days.

It is the Hmong who do the trading – says a young lawyer. Don’t know if that is just his experience at the office where he is working. Or if it can be backed up by hard statistics. Or if it is Laotian hearsay again. Or if it is part of the trend to blame the Hmong whenever something goes wrong in the country. They are one of Laos’ largest minorities. They fought on the American side in the Vietnam war, which secretly extended into Laos. The Americans withdrew, the communist Pathet Lao took power and relations with the Hmong have never really healed.

Related to the yaba use is the rise in crime. Stories of stolen motorbikes abound. Stories of theft from houses too. People – all people – have put fences around their property to protect the new possessions that economic progress has made available to them. Cctv camera’s now cover parts of Vientiane and Luang Phabang.

Springs to mind a visit to Laos twenty years ago. I was a tour leader for a Dutch company. Our Laotian guide told us in Laos there was no crime. And no prostitution.

That night I was invited for a drink by the Thai tour operator from Bangkok who had been hired by the Dutch to arrange the tour, and who was in Vientiane.

On the table was a bottle of Black Label. On the couches were a couple of girls. ‘For talking and entertainment’, he motioned. I wondered about the entertainment, given the remark of the guide. ‘True. Laos cannot fuck. I try many times’, he confirmed.

This was to change long before crime got on the rise. Only three years later a Laotian friend and his fellow receptionists in a Vientiane hotel made good money allowing foreign business men to take prostitutes to their rooms.

Credit to the people of the consulate of Vietnam in Luang Phabang

While at the subject of people issuing visa’s: credit to those at the consulate of Vietnam in Luang Phabang who hand out a self-produced map detailing road connections between Laos and Vietnam, distances and border crossings open to foreigners.

Helpful, as as always I was of course traveling without a children’s book of Lonely Planet.

Passport stamp

Gone are the days of full-page visa stamps in passports – in East Asia anyway. Visa now come in the shape of stickers. Nice a visa extension in Laos still comes as a stamp. Nostalgia…

It was worth the extra visit to the Immigration Offices. ‘My boss has a meeting outside’, said the lady at the counter of the official in charge when I came to pick up my passport at the appointed time. ‘Can you come back later?’

Dengue in town

Living a simple life here. No air conditioning – just acceptable. No hot water – just acceptable too. There is a laundry machine. The TV is broken, there is no internet – good, it makes me read more. Murakami, Coetzee, Dutch author Verstraten’s book about Korea. To read and write email I go to a coffee shop offering wifi – usually every other day, for a couple of hours. Seems a carefree existence.

But there is dengue in Luang Phabang, someone has died already, he had just turned 18. Laos is often a hearsay country. ‘There are many more victims already, especially in the village across the river.’ ‘The hospital is often full and can’t admit people.’ Clear and solid information is hard to come by.

A car with a sound system drove through town to warn the people. My friends keep their young daughter indoors as much as possible. Outside she is covered in mosquito repellent.

In town people don’t seem bothered by the threat. They wear shorts, T-shirts and sarongs – no clothes that will protect against mosquitoes.

Born as a worrier I wear long pants and socks – all day, every day. They have come to spray the garden (10.000 Laotian kip = 1 euro per household, unless you can proof you are poor), but that makes me wonder which poison it contains and what harm that may do me.

Always something.

Laos, a slow country speeding up – hesitantly

Since French colonial times Laos has been known for its calm. Comparing the people to their Indochinese neighbours it was said that the Vietnamese planted rice, the Cambodians ate it and the Laotians watched it grow. Its unassuming people gave slow-paced Laos a soothing charm.

That charm is not all gone. But things have changed – Laos-style.

Vientiane, the capital, has a new raised boulevard along the Mekong, where before people sat in cafés on stilts and made of wood and with palm leaf roofs. The promenade got them moving. Save for a few boys that have taken up skating it’s no more than ambling though, one shouldn’t overdo it. Twice I see someone jog and for a moment I am perplexed. But they are expats.

Walking in the city nowadays you have to actually watch out and wait for cars before crossing a street. The amount of vehicles has even warranted introducing traffic lights and one-way streets. The newspaper runs a story of parked cars blocking streets and sidewalks.

Having experienced Laos’s laid-back old times, it isn’t nice to see the new times. ‘In the good old days… et cetera’. Well,  that is of course a nostalgic foreigner’s view, Laotians will be happy they are gradually catching up with modern times.

So much so that this time I even flew from Vientiane to Luang Phabang in a jet instead of a prop plane. An earlier attempt a few years ago to introduce a jet was a miserable failure, or of course if you favour that old-day Laos a failure to be cheered. That leased aircraft soon was grounded, word had it either because repairs couldn’t be paid for or because of a lack of passengers.

But this time around with Lao Airlines operating an Airbus and new start-up Lao Central Airlines a Boeing it seems jet travel is here to stay.

Step by step Laos is being swept up by the modern, developed, faster world.

Mekong villages

South of Luang Phabang scattered on the river’s banks villages hide amid trees and bushes.

Ban Nong Bua Kham is a new settlement, in fact three villages put together. The government made the villagers move down to the river to stop encroachment on the forest. It paid for the removal, it installed electricity, a dirt road connects the village with the outside world. But the people can’t support themselves here. Fishing can’t sustain them, the teak wood grown around the village doesn’t belong to them. And so they keep commuting to their old fields.

Some have disassembled and reassembled their old wooden houses, some could afford new cement blocks and corrugated iron.

Nong Bua  Kham village doesn’t look authentic. Yet its people don’t seem part of this more modern world either. The old still weave bamboo baskets. Rice is still being threshed with a foot-powered pestle and mortar. To the children that foreigner is a strange sight. Some laugh and follow him, though at a safe distance. Some shy away and start crying. And some come to see what’s up first, then after all decide it’s better to start crying.

Had Keo village has Had Keo temple where an old monk serves. In every other aspect too it is the typical traditional ethnic Lao village. Houses on stilts, palm trees, ducks and turkeys, people sitting in the shade. Clean and tidy. In all its simplicity it isn’t poor.

The village of Pak Hao sits, its name literally says so, at the mouth of the Hao. Its white waters splash and crash down between giant boulders. But they are swallowed up by the Mekong, slow and brown here, and in no time no trace is left of them.

And there is the village with the boy under the tree.